1. Baikonur Cosmodrome Baikonur Cosmodrome was established in 1955, located in the area north of Churatam on the Syrdarya River in Kazakhstan, and is a spacecraft launch site and missile test base built by the former Soviet Union. The world's first artificial Earth satellite and the first manned spacecraft were successfully launched, and it was from here that Soviet astronauts walked into space and began the first human journey into space. However, after the end of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, the Baikonur Cosmodrome belonged to Kazakhstan, and Russia had to pay Kazakhstan $115 million in rent every year before Russia could carry out rocket launch missions at the site, and the lease period is until 2050.
2. Kennedy Space Center The large U.S. spacecraft launch site, belonging to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. It is located in the Cape Canaveral area of Merritt Island on the east coast of Florida, covering a total area of 560 square kilometers, with the central coordinates of 80°42′ West longitude and 28°30′ North latitude. Kennedy Space Center has launched Gemini, Apollo, Columbia, Challenger and Discovery. Space Shuttle Discovery.
3.Western Space and Missile Test Center Western Space and Missile Test Center, located in the United States north of Los Angeles, is an important U.S. military space launch base, the main purpose is for missile weapons testing, weapons systems satellites, etc., the number of space launches topped the United States.
4. Plesetsk Base Located in the Arkhangelsk region, 300 km south of the White Sea, Russia, it was built in 1957 and is mainly used for launching large inclination reconnaissance, electronic intelligence, missile warning, communication, meteorological and radar calibration satellites, and is the launch site for many satellites in the world, accounting for more than half of the total number of launches worldwide. It was the first Russian space launch site. Its launches account for about 40% of the world's total spacecraft launches and 60% of Russia's total satellite launches.
5. Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center Located in the northeast area of Jiuquan City, Gansu Province, northwest China, at an altitude of 1000 meters, it was built in October 1958 and covers an area of about 2800 square kilometers. The area is flat, sparsely populated, inland and desert climate, with an average annual temperature of 8.7 degrees Celsius, relative humidity of 35%-55%, dryness and little rain all year round, short spring and autumn seasons, long winter and summer seasons, many sunny days throughout the year, small clouds, long sunshine hours, and a difficult living environment, but can provide good natural environmental conditions for space launches. There are about 300 days per year for launch tests.
6. Xichang Satellite Launch Center The Xichang Satellite Launch Center was built in 1970, completed in 1983, and has launched China's first experimental communication satellite, practical communication and broadcasting satellite and practical communication satellite since 1984. As of April 2004, the center has two self-contained launch stations that can launch different types of Long March launch vehicles, capable of sending both large-tonnage satellites into synchronous transfer orbit and small satellites into sun-synchronous orbit.
7. Tanegashima Space Center Located at the southern tip of Tanegashima in the south of mainland Japan, it was completed in 1974 and is mainly used for launching test and application satellites. Tanegashima, a small island floating on the sea in the southern part of Kagoshima Prefecture in the Kyushu region of Japan, is far from land and covers an area of 445 square kilometers. It was the landing place when iron guns were introduced to Japan, and it is also the place where Japan started manufacturing firearms early. However, for foreigners, Tanegashima is known as the home of Japan's largest space facility, the Tanegashima Space Center, from which Japan's "Moon Goddess" lunar orbiting satellite departed on September 14, 2007 to explore the moon.
8. Kulu Launch Site Located in the central part of French Guiana in northern South America, the Kourou region, also known as the Guiana Space Center, is currently the only French space launch site and the main site for ESA's space activities. It is located in the Kourou region of central French Guiana in northern South America, on a narrow strip of grassland along the Atlantic coast. The launch site is extremely favorable for launching geostationary satellites due to its close proximity to the equator.
9. San Marco Launch Complex Located about 5 kilometers off the coast of Formosa Bay, Kenya, officially opened in 1967, is the world's only maritime space launch site, has repeatedly used the United States "Scout" rocket launch small spacecraft. The San Marco launch site is located in Ngwana Bay on the east coast of Kenya in eastern Africa. 4.8 kilometers from the coast, there is a huge offshore platform, which is the San Marco Space Launch Complex, commissioned by the Italian government and managed by the Centre for Aeronautics and Space Research of the University of Rome. The San Marco launch site is located at 2.9 degrees south latitude and 40.3 degrees east longitude, a space launch site close to the equator and the only sea launch site in the world.
10. Sriharikota Launch Site Sriharikota Island, located on the east coast of southern India, was officially used in 1977 as India's missile test and satellite launch site. Sriharikota Launch Complex is an important space launch center in India. It is located on Sriharikota Island off the east coast of India, where the climate is influenced by the southwest monsoon and northeast monsoon, with a heavy rainy season in October and November, but sunny and clear weather during most months of the year, allowing for outdoor static test runs and launch tests.
